Bombardier Global Express
Specifications
| Model | Global 5000 | Global 5500 | Global 6000 | Global 6500 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crew | 3 | 4 | ||
| Passengers | 13 | 16 | 13 | 17 |
| Length | 96 ft 10 in / 29.5 m | 99 ft 5 in / 30.3 m | ||
| Wing | 94 ft 0 in / 28.7 m span, 1,021 ft² / 94.8 m² area (8.7 AR) | |||
| Height | 25 ft 6 in / 7.8 m | |||
| Cabin length | 40 ft 9 in / 12.41 m | 43 ft 3 in / 13.18 m | ||
| cabin section | 7 ft 11 in / 2.41 m max width, 6 ft 6 in / 1.98 m floor width, 6 ft 2 in / 1.88 m height | |||
| Max. takeoff | 92,500 lb / 41,957 kg | 99,500 lb / 45,132 kg | ||
| Basic operating | 50,861 lb / 23,070 kg | 52,230 lb / 23,691 kg | ||
| Max. fuel | 39,250 lb / 17,804 kg | 45,050 lb / 20,434 kg | ||
| Max. payload | 7,139 lb / 3,238 kg | 5,770 lb / 2,617 kg | ||
| Engines | BR710A2-20 | R-R Pearl | BR710A2-20 | R-R Pearl |
| Thrust | 14,750 lb (65.6 kN) | 15,125 lbf (67.3 kN) | 14,750 lb (65.6 kN) | 15,125 lbf (67.3 kN) |
| Top speed | Mach 0.89 | Mach 0.90 | Mach 0.89 | Mach 0.90 |
| cruise | Mach 0.88 (504 kn / 934 km/h) high-speed, Mach 0.85 (487 kn / 902 km/h) typical | |||
| M 0.85 Range | 5,200 nm / 9,630 km | 5,700 nmi 10,556 km | 6,000 nm / 11,112 km | 6,600 nmi / 12,223 km |
| Takeoff | 5,540 ft / 1,689 m | 5,490 ft / 1,674 m | 6,476 ft / 1,974 m | 6,370 ft / 1,942 m |
| Landing | 2,207 ft / 673 m | 2,236 ft / 682 m | ||
| altitude | Max. 51,000 ft / 15,545 m, Initial cruise 41,000 ft / 12,497 m (MTOW) | |||
History
The Bombardier Global Express is a large cabin, 6,000 nmi / 11,100 km range business jet designed and manufactured by Bombardier Aviation (formerly Bombardier Aerospace). Announced in October 1991, it first flew on 13 October 1996, received its Canadian type certification on 31 July 1998 and entered service in July 1999. Initially powered by two BMW/Rolls-Royce BR710s, it shares its fuselage cross section with the Canadair Regional Jet and Challenger 600 with a new wing and tail. The shorter range Global 5000 is slightly smaller and the Global 6000 is updated and has been modified for military missions. The longer range Global 5500/6500 are powered by new Rolls-Royce Pearl engines with lower fuel burn and were unveiled in May 2018. The larger and stretched Global 7500/8000 have longer ranges.
Development
Project definition
After acquiring Canadair and its Challenger 600 business jet in 1986, Bombardier studied a longer range business aircraft. It aimed to carry eight passengers and four crew over 12,000 km (6,500 nm) at Mach 0.85. During the early 1990s, a joint-definition team was established at the company's Montreal facility. By 1994, the team comprised 200 engineers, evenly divided between Canadair and various partners, including Japanese company Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Anglo-German engine manufacturer BMW Rolls-Royce.
Partners independently designed their own elements of the aircraft and also shared a stake in the program. The choice of suppliers influenced the aircraft, its systems being selected before the detailed design phase. The CATIA CAD software was used for the kinematics, to feed finite-element analysis software for structural design, and computational fluid dynamics software for aerodynamics, the latter being confirmed by wind tunnel testing.
It was designed to use the minimum number of components while ensuring that no single failure would result in a diversion or dispatch inability, towards a 99.5% dispatch reliability goal. As operators sought an airliner level of safety, ETOPS design rules influenced the design, such as the incorporation of a maintenance computer to detect, indicate, and isolate faults, although ETOPS rules were not a requirement. A conventional mechanical flight control system was selected instead of fly-by-wire due to the development expense and some customer apprehension.
Launch and flight testing
On 28 October 1991, the Global Express was unveiled at the NBAA convention.[10] On 20 December 1993, the program was launched. In June 1994, its high-speed configuration was frozen while the low-speed configuration was established in August 1994. By then, most critical design decisions were taken and almost all suppliers had been selected. In January 1995, the definition phase was winding down before detailed design.
By June 1995, the backlog was over 40 aircraft, sold out until 2000, leading to Bombardier to expand its early production plans. At launch, range was extended to 12,000 km (6,500 nmi) to outdo rival Gulfstream. Bombardier guaranteed the empty weight and range to reply to Gulfstream criticism. Around 100 sales were needed to cover the development costs. During October 1995, the first prototype manufacture commenced, the first sections were expected in December at de Havilland's Toronto, while final assembly was to start in March 1996. By June 1996, the prototype was complete and conducting flight-readiness reviews ahead of its roll-out and first flight.
On 13 October 1996, the first prototype performed its maiden flight from Toronto, one month later than planned, lasting for 2 hours 46 minutes and attaining 11,000 ft (3,350 m) and 210 kn (390 km/h). The flight test program used four prototypes, accumulating 2,200 flight hours. the Bombardier Flight Test Center in Wichita, Kansas was extended by 9,100 m2 (100,000 ft2) for the test programme. On 3 February 1997, the second prototype made its first flight and the third in May 1997.
In late 1995, type certification was forecast for March 1998. On 31 July 1998, Canadian type certification was granted, European and US approvals followed shortly thereafter. The first 15 aircraft were to be delivered before January 1999, the Global Express entered service in July 1999.
Production
The Global Express is assembled at the Downsview Airport in Toronto. It is then flown for final completion to one of several sites, including Montreal, Savannah, Georgia, or Cahokia, Illinois.
Japanese Mitsubishi Heavy Industries builds the wing and centre fuselage sections at its Toronto facility. Bombardier subsidiaries involved are Canadair as the design leader and nose manufacturer; Short Brothers in Belfast for the engine nacelles design and manufacture, horizontal stabilizer and forward fuselage; and de Havilland Canada for the rear fuselage, vertical tail and final assembly. The landing gear is produced by Dowty, flight controls by Sextant Avionique, the fuel system by Parker Bertea Aerospace, the core avionics by Honeywell, the APU by AlliedSignal, the electrical system by Lucas Aerospace, and the air management system by ABG-Semca.
In May 2015, production was reduced because of lower demand, caused by slowing economy and geopolitics in Latin America, Russia and China markets. By October 2018, Bombardier had a backlog of 202 aircraft valued at C$14.1 billion ($11 billion), including 128 Global Express aircraft: 67 Global 5000/6000 and four Global 5500/6500.
Design
The Global Express is a high speed business/corporate aircraft with a range of 6,700 nmi (12,400 km) at Mach 0.80 (459 kn; 850 km/h), a 51,000 ft (16,000 m) maximum altitude and a 14 hours endurance. The semi monocoque airframe is made of lightweight aluminum alloys and composite materials. It has a low wing, tricycle landing gear and fuselage-mounted engines.
The clean-sheet design draws upon the earlier Canadair CL-600 and Bombardier CRJ.[8] It shares its fuselage cross-section with these aircraft, paired with a new T-tail and wing. The latter is a supercritical airfoil with a 35° wing sweep and winglets. This flexible wing naturally attenuates turbulence. It was initially powered by two BMW-Rolls-Royce BR710 turbofans controlled by FADEC. The flightdeck features a six screen Honeywell Primus 2000 XP EFIS suite.
The Global Express was the business jet with the largest cabin,[8] until being surpassed by the later Gulfstream G650. It can accommodate 12 to 16 passengers in three cabin sections: mostly a forward four-chair club section, a central four-seat conference grouping and an aft three-place divan facing two chairs. Most have a forward galley, crew rest chair and crew lavatory. The 10.3-psi cabin pressurization maintains a 4,500-ft. cabin altitude up to FL 450 and 5,680 ft. at the FL 510 ceiling. The cabin has an unobstructed length of 14.6 m (48 ft) while the floor is dropped by 51 mm (2.0 in) from the Challenger to increase width at shoulder level, while the windows have been repositioned and enlarged by 25%.
Operational history
It can fly intercontinental ranges without refuelling (e.g. New York City–Tokyo) or between most two points in the world with only one stop. In this class, the Global Express competes with the Airbus Corporate Jet, Boeing Business Jet and Gulfstream G550/650.
Most missions are between 3.5 and 4.5 hours in length and cover 1,500-2,000 nmi; flight times can extend to 10 hours at Mach 0.85 (488 knots at ISA) or 12 hours at Mach 0.82-0.83 (476 knots ISA), or a maximum of 13 hours with clear weather at the destination and multiple alternates nearby. It burns 5,000 lb. of fuel for the first hour, 4,000 lb the second, 3,000 lb the third and 2,500 lb during the final hour.
The average trip lengths for most operators is 2.5 hours, where the aircraft will cruise between Mach 0.85 and Mach 0.89, making it one of the fastest long range jets available as of 2016. The maximum certified altitude is 51,000 ft (16,000 m), and its landing distance is 2,236 ft / 682 m at sea level, ISA conditions and typical landing weight. The typical approach speed is 108 kn (200 km/h).
Variants
Bombardier Global 5000
The Global 5000 was announced on 25 October 2001 and launched on 5 February 2002 with letters of intent for 15 aircraft with a 87,700 lb (39,800 kg) MTOW and a 4,800 nmi (8,900 km) range at Mach 0.85. The first aircraft flew on 7 March 2003.[41] It was introduced in April 2005, and there were 224 in service in 2018. In April 2008, Bombardier lifted its MTOW to 92,500 lb (42,000 kg) to increase Mach 0.85 range to 5,200 nmi (9,600 km).
Its cabin is 5.9 ft (1.8 m) shorter than the Global 6000 with a 5,800–7,000 lb (2,600–3,200 kg) lower MTOW depending on service bulletins, for a 5,000–5,400 nmi (9,300–10,000 km) range at LRC. The spec basic operating weight is 50,350 lb (22,840 kg) but are actually closer to 51,600 lb (23,400 kg). Early models kept the Global Express Honeywell Primus 2000XP avionics, updated with Rockwell Collins Fusion avionics since 2012.
It can carry between eight and 19 passengers, the new seat converts to a full berth; there is an optional private room aft and the galley has room to prepare 16 five-course meals. It was priced at $40M in 2008, it has forward and aft lavatories, the crew rest area was removed, but could be restored. The tail fuel tank is removed and fuel is limited in the wings, some avionics are rearranged to gain usable cabin length and the interior completions allowance is 3,200 kg.
At high-speed cruise, it burns 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) of fuel in the first hour, then 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) the second hour and 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) for the third hour. In 2018, Early models with Honeywell avionics are sold for $10–20 million, while post-2012 aircraft with the modern Cockpit can fetch $22–36 million. Major inspection every 180 months cost $800,000-1.2 million and two 8,000h engine overhauls can run $4 million. The cheaper and more efficient Gulfstream G450 or Falcon 900LX are slower, have less range and smaller cabins.
Bombardier Global Express XRS
The Global Express XRS was announced on 6 October 2003 during the NBAA Convention at Orlando, Florida.[citation needed]
Bombardier Global 6000 (2012-2019) Serial Numbers 9381 through 9855
Production of the third-generation Global 6000 started in 2012. Its flexible wing and 97.5 lb/sq ft (476 kg/m2) wing loading, the highest among its competitors, gives a comfortable ride in turbulence. On long trips, its fuel burn during the first hour is 5,000 and 4,000 lb (2.3 and 1.8 t) for the second, then for the third 3,000 and 2,500 lb (1.4 and 1.1 t) afterwards. A Checks are scheduled every 750 hours, and for C Checks every 30 months, while engine reserves amount to $260 per hour. Over 315 were delivered by March 2019, while its competitors include the more fuel efficient 6,200 nmi (11,500 km) Dassault Falcon 8X, the 6,500 nmi (12,000 km) Gulfstream G600 or even the 6,900 nmi (12,800 km) G650.
Bombardier's Vision flight deck is upgraded with Rockwell Collins Pro Line Fusion avionics from the Express/XRS Honeywell Primus 2000. It has improved acoustical insulation compared to its predecessor. By 2018, competition from the Gulfstream G650ER pressured it to a $40 million value from $62 million in 2016. It offers higher cruise speed, improved cabin layout and lighting. The range is increased by adding a 1,486 lb (674 kg) fuel tank at the wing root.
Bombardier Global 5500/6500
On 27 May 2018, Bombardier unveiled the Global 5500 and 6500 developments expected to enter service at the end of 2019 with an optimized wing for a Mach 0.90 top speed, a revamped cabin inspired from the Global 7500 with its Nuage seat and updated Rolls-Royce BR710 Pearl engines with up to 13% lower fuel burn for better operating costs, better hot and high performance and 500 and 600 nmi (930 and 1,110 km) of additional range for 5,700 and 6,600 nmi (10,600 and 12,200 km), respectively. The engines have 9% more thrust, their certification was announced and are already test flying. The Global 5500 lists for $46 million while the Global 6500 lists for $56 million.
By October, 70% of the flight testing hours were completed. The program involves two flight-test Global 6500s, as the 5500 is a simple 0.8 m (2 ft 7 in) shrink. The redesigned wings are built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. By December, the flight-test program was nearly three-quarters complete.[51] By May 2019, 90% of the flight testing was completed by two modified 6000s and one modified 5000. On 24 September, Bombardier announced the Transport Canada Type Certification of both models, before entry-into-service later in 2019 and FAA/EASA approval. Bombardier announced the Global 6500 entry-into-service on 1 October. EASA Type Certification of both models was announced on 15 October 2019. Shortly after, the Global 5500 range was extended by 200 nmi (370 km) to 5,900 nmi (10,900 km) at Mach 0.85. FAA Type Certification of both variants was announced on December 23, 2019.
Bombardier Global 7500/8000
The Bombardier Global 7500 and Global 8000 are ultra long-range business jets developed by Bombardier Aviation (formerly Bombardier Aerospace). Announced in October 2010, the program was delayed by two years by a wing redesign. The 7500, originally named the 7000, made its first flight on November 4, 2016, was type certified by Transport Canada on September 28, 2018, and entered service on 20 December 2018. The Global 8000 schedule was not determined by January 2018. Based on the Global 6000 with a new transonic wing, the longer, four-zone cabin 7500 has a range of 7,700 nmi (14,300 km), while the shorter three-zone 8000 was to reach 7,900 nmi (14,600 km).
Development
Announced in October 2010, the jets were initially scheduled for introduction in 2016 for the 7500 and 2017 for the 8000. In 2015, Bombardier decided to redesign the aircraft's wing and, along other development challenges, delayed the program by over two years. The goal of the redesign was to reduce the wing's weight without altering its aerodynamic profile. The aircraft fly-by-wire system architecture is based on the CSeries one. The airframe will use Aluminium-lithium alloys like the new airliner.
Bombardier Global 7500 (2018-2019) Serial Numbers 70006 through 70011
Formerly named Global 7000, its entry into service was initially scheduled for 2016. Former Formula One driver and long time Bombardier brand ambassador Niki Lauda announced his order ahead of the EBACE 2015 convention.
The first test aircraft underwent taxi testing in October 2016, with the first delivery scheduled for the second half of 2018. Dedicated to testing basic system functionality and assessing the handling and flying qualities of the aircraft, its maiden flight was performed on November 4, 2016, climbing to 20,000 feet (6,096 m) and reaching 240 knots during 2 h 27 min.
The production wing was in final design in February 2017 and was expected to fly on a production-conforming airplane later in the same year. FTV2 flew on March 6, 2017, “The Powerhouse” is designed to test aircraft systems, including propulsion, electrical and mechanical systems. FTV1 is used to open the performance envelope and reached Mach 0.995 on March 29, 2017. FTV3 flew on May 10, 2017, “The Navigator” will be used to test the avionics and electrical system performance. At the end of May 2017, the three prototypes have flown a combined 250 h.
The fourth prototype, used for cabin interior validation, is called “The Architect” and the fifth and final, used to pave the way for the entry-into-service, is called “The Masterpiece”. The fifth has a slightly lighter production wing supplied by the Triumph Group, after a dispute over the wing weight was resolved.
By mid-July 2017, the three flight-test aircraft had accumulated 500 hours. On 15 August 2017, after “high vibration and high inter-turbine temperature readings”, the second prototype's right GE Passport had an in-flight flameout at FL410 and the aircraft went back to Wichita Airport 156 nmi (290 km) away for a single engine landing.
By October 2017, the four flight-test aircraft had flown 900 hours and the fifth will fly another 700 to 800 hours before the type's entry into service in the second half of 2018.
In April 2018, the flight test campaign surpassed 1,800h and confirmed a range increase from 7,400 to 7,700 nmi (13,700 to 14,300 km), greater than the competing Gulfstream G650ER's 7,500 nmi (13,900 km), but still overshadowed by the smaller Global 8000's range of 7,900 nmi (14,600 km), 200 nmi (370 km) more than the Global 7500. As the original Global Express is developed into the Global 5500 and 6500, it is renamed Global 7500 to reflect this range increase.
By the end of May 2018, the five flight-test aircraft had amassed about 2,000 hours towards the type's planned entry-into-service at year-end. By June 2018, 2,300 flight test hours had been completed by the test fleet towards certification. The first production aircraft entered the completion centre in May 2018, on track to enter service in the second half of the year.
Flight testing was completed by August 2018 after over 2,400 hours; type certification and introduction into service are expected by year-end, with 15-20 customer deliveries in 2019, as 20 aircraft were in final assembly. By September 2018, the test aircraft had flew over 2,700 hours as FTV1 was retired from testing and repainted to be used as a demonstrator. Bombardier was expecting certification in September 2018.
Transport Canada awarded its type certification on September 28, 2018. FAA type certification followed on November 7, 2018. The first should be delivered in December, and Bombardier expects to deliver 15 to 20 in 2019, then 35-40 in 2020, with the program sold out through 2021. After being delivered in early December, the Global 7500 entered service on 20 December with 100 secured orders.
In January 2019, Bombardier announced its acquisition of the Global 7500 wing manufacturing program and facilities from Triumph Group, a deal that will close in the first quarter of 2019.
“The Global 7500 aircraft stands alone as the world’s largest and longest range business jet. Within its luxurious interior are four true living spaces, a full size kitchen and a dedicated crew suite. Elevate your flight experience and discover the uninhibited freedom and tailored luxury of the Global 7500 aircraft—a new class of business jet.” (Bombardier)
Global 8000 (2019-
Entry into service was initially scheduled for 2017. By September 2016, it was delayed to early 2019. Trading nearly 8 ft (2.4 m) of cabin space for 600 nmi (1,100 km) of range, the Global 8000 accounted for a very small part of the backlog in December 2017 and its schedule was expected to be determined after the Global 7500 entered service. Lacking differentiation, it might be replaced by a higher maximum take-off weight (MTOW) Global 7500 variant with more range.
“The Global 8000 business jet offers industry-leading range and a cabin with three individual suites thoughtfully designed to maximize comfort and productivity.”
The unique design of the Global 8000 aircraft’s interior features super-large windows and virtually limitless freedom in how each of its three luxurious suites can be configured. This remarkable flexibility also extends to the meticulously crafted furnishing options designed to enhance and personalize each living space.
As you travel the world aboard the Global 8000 aircraft, enjoy office-like connectivity via aviation’s fastest global* in-flight internet connectivity. Video conference, download high bandwidth material and stream high definition content seamlessly in any suite of the interior and remain in touch at all times.
Peace and privacy are always within reach aboard the Global 8000 aircraft. Delivering the ultimate in luxurious comfort, this personal space is available with an unprecedented array of furnishing options including the industry’s only true stand-up shower in the available En Suite.
Cabin comfort extends to the crew, thanks to a permanently accessible and well equipped crew rest area designed to maximize comfort and privacy on long haul flights.
Experience the industry’s most spacious cockpit with the latest Bombardier Vision flight deck on the Global 8000 aircraft. Featuring advanced fly-by-wire technology, superior aesthetics, and equipped with a permanent side-facing jump seat, the Global 8000 jet maximizes crew comfort and efficiency.
Performance:
RANGE
Maximum range 7,900 nm
(Theoretical range with NBAA IFR Reserves, ISA, LRC, 8 pax /4 crew. Actual range will be affected by speed, weather, selected options and other factors.)
CAPACITY
Passengers: Up to 17
AVIONICS
Bombardier Vision flight deck with advanced fly-by-wire technology
Four large displays
Head-Up Display (HUD), Enhanced Vision System (EVS) and Synthetic Vision System (SVS)
Graphical flight planning
MultiScan weather radar including windshear detection
Latest Performance Based Navigation (PBN):
WAAS/SBAS
LPV approach
RNAV, en-route RNP & RNP AR approaches
Controller Pilot Data Link Communication (CPDLC)
SPEED (MACH)
Top speed 0.925
High-speed cruise 0.90
Typical cruise speed 0.85
AIRFIELD PERFORMANCE
Takeoff distance
(SL, ISA, MTOW)
5,880 ft
Landing distance
(SL, ISA, typical)
2,450 ft
OPERATING ALTITUDE
Maximum operating altitude 51,000 ft
Initial cruise altitude
(MTOW)
43,000 ft
ENGINES
GE Passport
Thrust: 16,500 lbf (73kN)
Flat rated to ISA + 20°C
