Beechcraft C90 King Air: The Perfect Aircraft for Your Aviation Needs
For pilots and aviation enthusiasts considering the purchase of a Beechcraft C90 King Air, understanding the pros and cons of ownership, as well as the differences between the B90 and C90 models, is crucial. This article will guide you through these aspects, helping you make an informed decision.
Pros of Owning a Beechcraft C90 King Air
The Beechcraft C90 King Air is renowned for several compelling reasons:
- Versatility and Reliability: The King Air C90 is celebrated for its ruggedness and reliability. It can handle various missions, from corporate travel to medical evacuations, thanks to its ability to operate on unimproved landing strips.
- Comfortable Cabin: The C90 offers a spacious and comfortable cabin with generous head and shoulder room, making it ideal for both pilots and passengers. The cabin typically features an executive arrangement with six to seven passenger seats.
- Excellent Handling: Pilots appreciate the King Air's excellent handling characteristics. The controls are described as “light and pleasant,” making the transition from a piston twin to the King Air relatively easy.
- Cost-Effective Operation: Compared to jets, the King Air C90 is more economical to operate. It offers a balance of performance and cost, making it an attractive option for those seeking a reliable turboprop without breaking the bank.
Cons of Owning a Beechcraft C90 King Air
While the C90 has many advantages, there are some drawbacks to consider:
- Performance Limitations: The C90's cruise speeds are modest, typically around 216 knots. This may not appeal to those accustomed to high-performance aircraft.
- Maintenance Costs: Although parts are generally available, they can be expensive. Additionally, the King Air requires a 1,250-hour hot section inspection, which can add to the maintenance costs.
- Older Models: The C90 series has been around for decades, and while this speaks to its durability, it also means that many available models are older and may require more frequent maintenance and upgrades.
Differences Between the B90 and C90 King Air Models
Understanding the differences between the B90 and C90 models can help you choose the right aircraft for your needs:
| Feature | B90 King Air | C90 King Air |
|---|---|---|
| Engine | PT6A-20 engines, 500 shp each | PT6A-21 engines, 550 shp each |
| Wingspan | 45 ft 11 in | 50 ft 3 in |
| Takeoff Weight | 9,300 lbs | 9,650 lbs |
| Cabin Dimensions | Slightly smaller | 4 ft 10 in height, 4 ft 6 in width |
| Performance | Lower cruise speed and range | 216 knots cruise speed, 840 nm range |
| Avionics | Basic avionics | Collins Pro Line avionics |
The C90 model, introduced in 1971, brought several improvements over the B90, including a larger wingspan, increased takeoff weight, and more powerful engines. These enhancements contribute to better overall performance and a more comfortable flying experience.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Beechcraft C90 King Air is a versatile and reliable aircraft that offers a comfortable cabin, excellent handling, and cost-effective operation. While it may not boast the highest performance numbers, its balance of features makes it a popular choice among pilots and operators. Understanding the differences between the B90 and C90 models can further help you make an informed decision, ensuring that you choose the aircraft that best fits your mission profile.Whether you're a seasoned pilot or new to the world of turboprops, the Beechcraft C90 King Air is a worthy contender for your aviation needs.
King Air C90 Development
The C90, introduced in 1971, boasts a 50 ft 3 in wingspan. Additionally, its Maximum Take-Off Weight increased to 9,650 lb. It also features PT6A-20A engines for improved performance.
In 1982, the C90-1 entered production with enhanced PT6A-21 engines. Each engine produces 550 shp, enabling a normal cruise speed of 217 knots and a maximum of 223 knots. Consequently, its 840 nautical mile range makes it ideal for regional travel.
The C90A followed shortly after, featuring redesigned engine cowlings. Later, in 1987, its MTOW increased to 10,100 lb. Production of the C90A continued until 1992, with 235 units built.
Beechcraft introduced the C90B in 1992. This model incorporated airframe improvements and four-bladed propellers. Additionally, it featured propeller synchrophasing to reduce cabin noise. In 1994, a more affordable C90SE version was launched with standardized interiors and mechanical instruments.
The C90GT debuted in 2005, equipped with more powerful 750 shp PT6A-135A engines. As a result, it achieved improved cruise speed and climb rates. Subsequently, in 2007, Beechcraft announced the C90GTi, featuring advanced Rockwell Collins Proline 21 avionics.
Performance
The C90's short-field performance is impressive. It requires only 2,557 feet for takeoff and 3,417 feet for landing. Consequently, it can access smaller airports, increasing travel flexibility. Furthermore, its 30,000-foot service ceiling ensures smooth flights above most weather systems.
Pilots appreciate the C90's excellent handling and easy transition from piston twins. Additionally, its modern avionics, including the Collins Pro Line system, enhance situational awareness and reduce workload.
From a business standpoint, the C90 offers an attractive balance of acquisition cost and operating expenses. Purchase prices range from $399,000 to $3,595,000, depending on age and condition. Moreover, its estimated hourly operating cost of $1,493.84 makes it economical for regular use.
In conclusion, the Beechcraft King Air C90 proves to be a reliable and cost-effective aircraft. It combines comfort, performance, and versatility seamlessly. Thus, it remains an excellent choice for those seeking an efficient and capable turboprop aircraft.
Military King Air versions
Japan
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) has operated a total of 40 C90 and C90A King Airs, with deliveries beginning in 1973. These have been given various designations by the JMSDF and consist of 34 TC-90 trainers, five LC-90 transports and a single UC-90 which is configured for photographic aerial survey. The TC-90s and the UC-90 are operated by the 202nd Naval Air Training Squadron (JMSDF) based at Tokushima Air Base, while the LC-90s are attached to various Lockheed P-3 Kokutai (Squadrons) and Air Transport Squadron 61 as liaison aircraft. In late 2005 the JMSDF marked 500,000 accident-free flying hours of the TC-90 trainer fleet. Philippine maintenance staff will also be trained.
The JMSDF made plans to lease at least five TC-90 aircraft to the Philippines to conduct maritime patrols. Two aircraft were transferred free of charge in March 2017. From November 2016 to November 2017 six Philippine Navy pilots were be trained to fly the aircraft at Tokushima Airport. Maintenance staff are also being trained. There are plans to transfer three more aircraft.
United States
The U.S. military has used King Air 90s in various roles, primarily VIP and liaison transport, with designations including the VC-6A, the T-44 Pegasus, and the U-21 Ute. The U-21 Ute used by the US Army was the most common version.
Modification and upgrade programs
A number of aftermarket modifications and upgrades are available for 90 and 100 Series King Airs. An engine upgrade involves earlier-build 90 Series aircraft being re-engined with the PT6A-135A engines of the C90GT. A more radical re-engining program involves the replacement of the PT6s in C90 and E90 King Airs with TPE-331s.
Among the numerous airframe modifications available: a cargo conversion for the 90 model, the CargoLiner, which replaces the rear door with a large pallet accessible cargo door, a heavy duty floor structure and cabin cargo liner, also a crew hatch for cockpit access for the crew in the 90, 100, and 200; a Wing Front Spar Reinforcement Kit for both 90 and 100 Series aircraft,; a modification for the entire King Air line that entails reworking and extending the nose to house a baggage compartment as well as the avionics normally found in the noses of King Air aircraft. Modifications available for the King Air 100 include a belly cargo pod similar to those fitted to the Beech 99 and the Model 1300 version of the King Air 200 series.VAT
VARIATIONS
Model C90
Based on the B90 but using the Model 100 cabin environment and pressurisation system, 550shp PT6A-21 engines, 507 built.
Model C90-1
Improved C90 with an E90 tailplane and improved power output, increased maximum cabin pressure differential, 54 built in 1982 and 1983.
Model C90A
Improved C90-1 improved landing gear retraction, improved electrical system and using F90-1 pressurization and heating system, 235 built between 1984 and 1992. Two Pratt & Whitney PT6A-21 reverse-flow, free-turbine turboprop engines; 550 shp each.
Comparing the Performance Capabilities of the Beechcraft C90, C90-1, and C90A
The Beechcraft King Air series is a staple in the aviation community, renowned for its reliability and versatility. Among the various models, the C90, C90-1, and C90A stand out for their unique features and performance capabilities. This article will compare these three models to help you understand their differences and choose the right aircraft for your needs.
Beechcraft C90
The Beechcraft C90, introduced in 1971, marked a significant upgrade from its predecessors. Here are its key specifications:
- Engines: PT6A-20 engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 9,650 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 217 knots
- Range: 840 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 1,955 feet per minute
The C90 model is known for its increased wingspan of 50 ft 3 in and a cabin environment inspired by the King Air 100. It offers a balanced performance, making it suitable for various missions, from corporate travel to medical evacuations.
Beechcraft C90-1
The C90-1, introduced in 1982, brought several enhancements over the C90. Key specifications include:
- Engines: PT6A-21 engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 9,650 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 217 knots
- Range: 840 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 1,955 feet per minute
The C90-1 featured an E90 tailplane, improved power output, and an increased maximum cabin pressure differential. These improvements contributed to better overall performance and comfort.
Beechcraft C90A
The C90A, introduced in 1984, incorporated further refinements, making it a more advanced version of the C90-1. Its specifications are:
- Engines: PT6A-21 engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 10,100 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 223 knots
- Range: 840 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 1,955 feet per minute
The C90A featured redesigned engine cowlings, hydraulic landing gear, and an improved electrical system. These changes enhanced its performance, particularly in terms of speed and operational efficiency.
Comparison Summary
| Feature | C90 | C90-1 | C90A |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engines | PT6A-20, 550 shp each | PT6A-21, 550 shp each | PT6A-21, 550 shp each |
| MTOW | 9,650 lbs | 9,650 lbs | 10,100 lbs |
| Cruise Speed | 217 knots | 217 knots | 223 knots |
| Range | 840 nm | 840 nm | 840 nm |
| Service Ceiling | 30,000 feet | 30,000 feet | 30,000 feet |
| Rate of Climb | 1,955 fpm | 1,955 fpm | 1,955 fpm |
| Key Improvements | Larger wingspan, improved cabin | E90 tailplane, better pressurization | Hydraulic gear, improved electrical system |
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Beechcraft C90, C90-1, and C90A each offer unique advantages. The C90 provides a solid foundation with its reliable performance and spacious cabin. The C90-1 builds on this with improved power output and pressurization, while the C90A takes it a step further with enhanced speed, hydraulic landing gear, and a more advanced electrical system. Depending on your specific needs and preferences, any of these models can be a valuable addition to your aviation fleet.
NEWEST MODELS
C90B and C90SE
Marketing names for updated versions of C90A produced between 1992 and 2005, 456 built B-model has Maximum Take-off Weight of 10 100 lb (4585 kg), quieter Hartzell four-blade, constant-speed, full-reversing 90-in diameter propellers and dynamic (passively resonating) vibration absorber (DVA) system.
Model C90GT
Version with PT6A-135A engines, 750 shp flat rated to 550 shp, for better climb and cruise performance, 97 built.Model C90GTi
Variant of C90GT with “glass cockpit” Collins Proline 21 avionics suite; at least 90 built.
Model C90GTx
Marketing name for version of C90GTi introduced in 2010 with winglets added as factory-standard, Maximum Take-off Weight increased to 10 485 lb (4756 kg) for better full-fuel payload flexibility.
Comparing Performance Capabilities of the Beechcraft C90B, C90GT, and C90GTx
The Beechcraft King Air series has long been a favorite among pilots and aviation enthusiasts for its reliability and versatility. Among the various models, the C90B, C90GT, and C90GTx stand out for their unique performance capabilities and improvements over time. This article will compare these three models to help you understand their differences and choose the right aircraft for your needs.
Beechcraft C90B
The C90B, introduced in 1992, brought several enhancements over its predecessors. Here are its key specifications:
- Engines: PT6A-21 engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 10,100 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 234 knots
- Range: 940 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 2,010 feet per minute
- Takeoff Distance: 2,710 feet
- Landing Distance: 3,692 feet
The C90B is known for its reduced cabin noise, thanks to four-bladed propellers and propeller synchrophasing. It also features Collins EFIS-84 avionics and a spacious cabin, making it a popular choice for various missions.
Beechcraft C90GT
The C90GT, introduced in 2006, brought significant performance improvements. Key specifications include:
- Engines: PT6A-135A engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 10,100 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 270 knots
- Range: 981 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 1,953 feet per minute
- Takeoff Distance: 2,392 feet
- Landing Distance: 4,007 feet
The C90GT features more powerful engines, leading to improved cruise speed and overall performance. It also includes automatic propeller feathering and rudder bias for enhanced safety during engine loss on takeoff.
Beechcraft C90GTx
The C90GTx, introduced in 2010, is the most advanced of the three models. Its specifications are:
- Engines: PT6A-135A engines, 550 shp each
- Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 10,485 lbs
- Cruise Speed: 272 knots
- Range: 1,260 nautical miles
- Service Ceiling: 30,000 feet
- Rate of Climb: 1,900 feet per minute
- Takeoff Distance: 1,984 feet
- Landing Distance: 2,100 feet
The C90GTx features composite winglets, increased MTOW, and Collins Aerospace Pro Line Fusion avionics. These enhancements contribute to better range, payload flexibility, and overall performance. The cabin is also quieter and more spacious, making it a comfortable choice for passengers.
Comparison Summary
| Feature | C90B | C90GT | C90GTx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engines | PT6A-21, 550 shp each | PT6A-135A, 550 shp each | PT6A-135A, 550 shp each |
| MTOW | 10,100 lbs | 10,100 lbs | 10,485 lbs |
| Cruise Speed | 234 knots | 270 knots | 272 knots |
| Range | 940 nm | 981 nm | 1,260 nm |
| Service Ceiling | 30,000 feet | 30,000 feet | 30,000 feet |
| Rate of Climb | 2,010 fpm | 1,953 fpm | 1,900 fpm |
| Takeoff Distance | 2,710 feet | 2,392 feet | 1,984 feet |
| Landing Distance | 3,692 feet | 4,007 feet | 2,100 feet |
| Avionics | Collins EFIS-84 | Basic electronic flight instruments | Collins Aerospace Pro Line Fusion |
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Beechcraft C90B, C90GT, and C90GTx each offer unique advantages. The C90B provides a solid foundation with reliable performance and a comfortable cabin. The C90GT builds on this with more powerful engines and improved speed. The C90GTx takes it a step further with advanced avionics, increased range, and better payload flexibility. Depending on your specific needs and preferences, any of these models can be a valuable addition to your aviation fleet.
